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Governorates of Iraq
Iraq consists of 19 governorates (''muḥāfażah''), also known as "provinces". The country was divided into eighteen governorates by Saddam Hussein in the 1970s,〔 which currently remain in place, but plans were announced in 2014 to divide the nation into more governorates.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cabinet decision )〕 Hussein divided the nation into these governorates and districts for reasons of ethnic manipulation, although it was later found that they were mainly ethnically balanced/neutral.〔 An area of the country that is part of Kurdistan, known as Iraqi Kurdistan, was granted autonomy in 1970. In 2003, after opposition from Kurdish people regarding the division of Kurdistan into governorates, the autonomous standing of Iraqi Kurdistan was re-confirmed in 2005 in the constitution of Iraq.〔Iraqi Constitution, Article 113.〕
On 21 January 2014, the Council of Ministers of the Government of Iraq announced that two new governorates Tal Afar and Tuz Khurmatu would be formed from the current Nineveh Governorate and Saladin Governorate, respectively. It was also announced that the city of Fallujah of the Al Anbar Governorate would become a separate governorate, which was announced in response to a Sunni Islamist uprising in the city.〔 Also in 2014, Nechervan Barzani, the Prime Minister of the Kurdistan Regional Government, announced that the city of Halabja would become a separate governorate, and he signed this decision on 13 March 2014. The President of the Kurdistan Regional Government Masoud Barzani signed and ratified this directive on 16 March 2014, turning the district of Halabja into a new governorate.
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抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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